{"id":1643,"date":"2023-11-22T13:36:44","date_gmt":"2023-11-22T13:36:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/?page_id=1643"},"modified":"2023-11-22T13:37:04","modified_gmt":"2023-11-22T13:37:04","slug":"vol21-no2-art2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/publicacoes\/vol21-no2\/vol21-no2-art2\/","title":{"rendered":"Analysis and Improvement of Machine Learning Models for Detecting Street Lighting Lamps"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Igor Caetano Silva <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8995-9722\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1167\" src=\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/orcid.jpg\" alt=\"orcid\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" \/><\/a>, Ricardo Menezes Salgado <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0989-6259\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1167\" src=\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/orcid.jpg\" alt=\"orcid\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" \/><\/a>, Igor Mattos dos Santos Varej\u00e3o <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3228-7141\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1167\" src=\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/orcid.jpg\" alt=\"orcid\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" \/><\/a>&#038; Flavio Miguel Varej\u00e3o <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5444-1974\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1167\" src=\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/orcid.jpg\" alt=\"orcid\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> The Brazilian public lighting network is maintained by city halls. To bill the energy provided to city halls, energy distribution companies should maintain an updated database of network poles, their lamp types, and wattages. However, it is common to encounter issues with misinformation, where the company is not notified about changes in the public lighting network by city halls and cannot update its database appropriately. To mitigate commercial losses, companies have resorted to sending teams for manual infrastructure checks, which is an expensive, time-consuming, and unreliable process. In this regard, this work aims to optimize the models proposed in the literature capable of accurately classifying the type and wattage of lamps on public lighting poles based on data collected from radiometric sensors and a professional camera. Data is processed using traditional machine learning and deep learning algorithms, along with more sophisticated validation techniques such as data transformation and hyperparameter optimization to achieve improved results. Based on this methodology, the results demonstrate that models employing more robust algorithms (Support Vector Machine, XGBoost, Random Forest, and Multilayer Perceptron) can attain a final average accuracy of 80-86%. This confirms the usefulness of this methodology as an alternative solution to address the issue of public lighting billing.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Image processing, Light sensors, Machine learning, Public lighting, Street lighting.<\/p>\n<p><strong>DOI code:<\/strong> <a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.21528\/lnlm-vol21-no2-art2\">10.21528\/lnlm-vol21-no2-art2<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>PDF file:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/vol21-no2-art2.pdf\">vol21-no2-art2.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>BibTex file:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/vol21-no2-art2.bib\">vol21-no2-art2.bib <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Igor Caetano Silva , Ricardo Menezes Salgado , Igor Mattos dos Santos Varej\u00e3o &#038; Flavio Miguel Varej\u00e3o Abstract: The Brazilian public lighting network is maintained by city halls. To bill the energy provided to city halls, energy distribution companies should <a href=\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/publicacoes\/vol21-no2\/vol21-no2-art2\/\" class=\"read-more\">Read More &#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1613,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1643","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Analysis and Improvement of Machine Learning Models for Detecting Street Lighting Lamps - Learning and NonLinear Models<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/publicacoes\/vol21-no2\/vol21-no2-art2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Analysis and Improvement of Machine Learning Models for Detecting Street Lighting Lamps - Learning and NonLinear Models\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Igor Caetano Silva , Ricardo Menezes Salgado , Igor Mattos dos Santos Varej\u00e3o &#038; Flavio Miguel Varej\u00e3o Abstract: The Brazilian public lighting network is maintained by city halls. To bill the energy provided to city halls, energy distribution companies should Read More ...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/publicacoes\/vol21-no2\/vol21-no2-art2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Learning and NonLinear Models\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-11-22T13:37:04+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/orcid.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. tempo de leitura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minuto\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/publicacoes\/vol21-no2\/vol21-no2-art2\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/publicacoes\/vol21-no2\/vol21-no2-art2\/\",\"name\":\"Analysis and Improvement of Machine Learning Models for Detecting Street Lighting Lamps - Learning and NonLinear Models\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/publicacoes\/vol21-no2\/vol21-no2-art2\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/publicacoes\/vol21-no2\/vol21-no2-art2\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/orcid.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-11-22T13:36:44+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-11-22T13:37:04+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/publicacoes\/vol21-no2\/vol21-no2-art2\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/publicacoes\/vol21-no2\/vol21-no2-art2\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/publicacoes\/vol21-no2\/vol21-no2-art2\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/orcid.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/orcid.jpg\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/publicacoes\/vol21-no2\/vol21-no2-art2\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Browse issues\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/publicacoes\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Learning &#038; Nonlinear Models &#8211; L&#038;NLM &#8211; Volume 21 &#8211; N\u00famero 2\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/publicacoes\/vol21-no2\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Analysis and Improvement of Machine Learning Models for Detecting Street Lighting Lamps\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/\",\"name\":\"Learning and NonLinear Models\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Learning and NonLinear Models\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/logo-lnlm.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/logo-lnlm.png\",\"width\":398,\"height\":94,\"caption\":\"Learning and NonLinear Models\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Analysis and Improvement of Machine Learning Models for Detecting Street Lighting Lamps - Learning and NonLinear Models","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/sbia.org.br\/lnlm\/publicacoes\/vol21-no2\/vol21-no2-art2\/","og_locale":"pt_BR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Analysis and Improvement of Machine Learning Models for Detecting Street Lighting Lamps - Learning and NonLinear Models","og_description":"Igor Caetano Silva , Ricardo Menezes Salgado , Igor Mattos dos Santos Varej\u00e3o &#038; Flavio Miguel Varej\u00e3o Abstract: The Brazilian public lighting network is maintained by city halls. 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